A systematic review of how cloud computing (CC) and the Internet of Things (IoT) can contribute towards achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs)

Technology is driving an industrial revolution. "Industry 4.0" (I4.0) signifies the determination to lead this transition. Moreover, there is growing interest in a developing subject that has the potential to bring about systematic changes and achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, which represent an extensive strategy designed to promote sustainable solutions for dealing with the primary challenges confronting the global community. This study conducted a comprehensive review of existing literature to determine the potential contributions of two technological enablers, the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud Computing (CC), which refers to integrating Industry 4.0 technologies towards achieving SDGs. The review portfolio consists of 100 peer-reviewed articles examining the interconnected or independent relationship between IoT and CC concerning sustainability. The articles were initially reviewed in relation to the technologies associated with Industry 4.0. Subsequently, a more detailed analysis was conducted to identify the extent of their connection to the SDGs. The results indicate that the integration of IoT and CC has a beneficial effect on SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), SDG 13 (Climate Action), SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), and SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), respectively. The particular targets addressed by deploying IoT and CC technologies are revealed and examined. We contend that the IoT-CC nexus is essential for achieving the SDGs as it links cutting-edge technology with innovative business models. This serves as a reference for tech professionals to integrate fields, advancing Industry 4.0 and sustainability. Additional research could further assess the IoT-CC nexus implications and examine its impacts on the SDGs.